农业4.0时代脚步:数字农业来临【中英双语】

近年来，智慧农业这种利用物联网、人工智能、大数据等现代信息技术和农业进行深度融合，实现农业生产全过程信息感知、精准管理和智能控制，实现农业可视化诊断、远程控制以及灾害预警等功能的全新农业生产方式已崭露头角，数字农业科技在我国农业体系质量变革、效率变革、动力变革中正发挥着巨大推动作用。

In recent years, the wisdom of agriculture the use of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, big data and other modern information technology and agricultural depth fusion, realize the whole process of agricultural production information perception, accurate management and intelligent control, realize agricultural visual diagnosis, remote control and disaster warning function of new agricultural production mode has emerged, digital agricultural science and technology in our country agricultural system quality change, efficiency, power change is playing a huge role.

在第二十六届中国杨凌农高会暨上合组织国家农业系列活动期间，数字农业展示交流板块尤其引人关注。“苹果多品质一体化智能检测设备”“智慧农业控制云”、大疆农用无人机、苹果卫星遥感大数据平台等各类基于声光电网的数字农业技术和产品不仅令现代农业更时尚，也生动诠释着农业4.0时代的脚步。

During the 26th China Yangling Agricultural High Technology Association and SCO Agricultural series activities, the digital agriculture exhibition and exchange section attracted special attention."Apple multi-quality integrated intelligent detection equipment", "intelligent agriculture control cloud", DJI agricultural UAV, Apple satellite remote sensing big data platform and other digital agricultural technologies and products based on audio and optical grid not only make modern agriculture more fashionable, but also vividly interpret the pace of the agricultural 4.0 era.

“扫码买苹果，再也不怕酸了”！在西农机电展台，由西北农林科技大学研发的“苹果多品质一体化智能检测设备”，以传感器无损检测，可即时分析出苹果的糖度、酸度、硬度、糖酸比等指标，并生成二维码张贴于受检苹果之上，为消费者购买苹果提供精准数据参考。

"Scan the code to buy apples, no longer afraid of acid"! In west agricultural machinery electric booth, by the northwest agriculture and forestry university of science and technology research and development of "apple more quality integration intelligent detection equipment", with sensor nondestructive testing, can immediately analyze the apple sugar, acidity, hardness, sugar acid ratio index, and generate qr code posted on tested apple, provide accurate data for consumers to buy apple reference.

以“5G时代下的数字农业”为主题的中国（杨凌）数字农业大会，则围绕“聚焦数字资源、引领智慧创新、促进产业升级、推动三产融合”等展开交流互动， 专家们以实例分析认为，在经历了生物农业、化学农业、机械农业阶段后，我国正探索迈进以信息知识为生产要素，互联网、物联网、大数据、云计算、自动化、智能装备应用为特征的现代智慧农业4.0时代。以种植过程公开化、劳力管理智能化、种植技术智能化、农业管理智能化为场景的新型农业模式趋势渐成。AI+5G正在构建农业新生态，农业机器人、农作物监测、环境监测、病虫害预测、资产盘点、生产监控等农业人工智能应用空间巨大。

With "5G under the era of digital agriculture" as the theme of China (yangling) digital agriculture conference, is around the "focus on digital resources, leading wisdom innovation, promote industrial upgrading, promote tertiary industry integration" interaction, experts to example analysis, after the biological agriculture, chemical agriculture, mechanical agriculture stage, our country is exploring into information knowledge as the factors of production, Internet, Internet, big data, cloud computing, automation, intelligent equipment application as the characteristics of modernwisdom agriculture 4.0 era. The trend of the new agricultural mode with the open planting process, intelligent labor management, intelligent planting technology and intelligent agricultural management is gradually becoming. AI + 5G is building a new agricultural ecology, and there is a huge space for agricultural AI applications such as agricultural robots, crop monitoring, environmental monitoring, disease and insect pest prediction, asset inventory and production monitoring.

刚刚开园的杨凌智慧农业示范园是上合组织农业国际合作实训基地。负责园区投资运营的杨凌农科集团董事长刘敏哲认为，随着5G、人工智能和大数据等新技术应用推广以及大量年轻新型职业农民群体壮大，数字农业在我国的发展空间巨大，前景广阔。未来数字农业的种植研究，重点是要抓品种创新，抓植物生长模型的建立，抓服务于水肥温光气的设施设备创新和系统的技术创新，由此才能拉长产业链条。

the park, believes that with the application of new technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence and big data and the growth of a large number of young and new professional farmers, digital agriculture has huge development space and broad prospects in China. In the future, the planting research of digital agriculture should focus on variety innovation, the establishment of plant growth model, the innovation of facilities and equipment and the system of water, fertilizer, light and gas, so as to lengthen the industrial chain.

“数字农业的价值显而易见，但难题短板也不容忽视。”慧云农业信息公司经理韦日辉等与会代表认为，首先是智慧农业开发的成本问题，以重要基础元件传感器为例，在2G时代，基于GPRS技术的传感器终端用户付出的成本约200元，在4G、5G时代，基于NB-TOT通讯协议的成本可降至50元，但其价格仍无法被普通农户所接受。同时，因普及度不高，导致智慧农业软件企业开发软件成本居高不下，这也是限制行业规模化发展的瓶颈问题。其次是推广困难，目前我国农业生产模式普遍为以家庭为单位的小型耕种模式，对智慧农业技术和软硬件的接受程度普遍偏低。此外，巨大的人才缺口也制约了智慧农业发展速度。

basic components sensor, for example, in the era of 2G, sensor based on GPRS technology end user cost of about 200 yuan, in the era of 4G, 5G, based on NB-TOT communication protocol cost can be reduced to 50 yuan, but the price is still cannot be accepted by ordinary farmers. At the same time, due to the low popularity, the software development cost of smart agricultural software enterprises is high, which is also the bottleneck problem restricting the large-scale development of the industry. Secondly, it is difficult to promote it. At present, China's agricultural production mode is generally a family-basedsmall-scale farming mode, and the acceptance degree of intelligent agricultural technology and hardware and software is generally low. In addition, the huge talent gap also restricts the development speed of smart agriculture.