欧洲农机企业考察纪实-奥地博田(欧洲农机制造业的3点启示)

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本文导读目录:

1、欧洲农机企业考察纪实-奥地博田

2、欧洲农机制造业的3点启示

3、欧洲农机制造业的3点启示(英)

4、欧洲农机协会商业景气指数继续下降

欧洲农机企业考察纪实-奥地博田

欧洲农机企业考察纪实-奥地博田

从奥地利维哈蒙特牛场出发,在奥地博田中国区负责人冯雪的带领下,我们前往下一站商务考察目的地——奥地博田工厂。

大巴车在乡间小道上蜿蜒飞驰。因为奥地利山地居多,道路大多依丘陵走向盘旋,所以说是蜿蜒;飞驰是说车速的确很快,我觉得吧,司机驾驶技术好是一方面,另一方面大概是因为欧洲长久以来良好的交通秩序,使得每个司机都建立起了一种信任感。在中国,别说没有中央分隔线的乡间小道,就是全封闭的高速上,我们开起来都要时刻提防着,保不齐前方突然出现高速倒车的2B。我不知道你的驾校老师怎么教的,反正我上法陪课第一天,海淀驾校的老师就告诉我们“上路后,要把所有交通参与者当成变化多端的傻子”。

扯远了。继续说,我们的“向导”冯雪实际上是一位在中国长大的东北女孩,非常活泼热情。一路上,她兴致勃勃地为我们介绍车窗外视线所及的各种关于欧洲农业和农机的景象,解答大家的疑问,“农机十万个为什么”都难不倒她。所以当我在看到博田工厂的大牌子前,我对这位欧洲农机通的敬仰之情已经油然而生啦~

好啦,经过了一个小时的蜿蜒飞驰,我们到达了奥地博田的工厂。看上去很普通吗,很普通么?那只是我拍的不好而已,请看下图,这才是奥地博田的全貌。

OK!参观开始啦~

博田的员工在食堂吃完午饭后,准备去车间工作,11月份奥地利还是挺冷的,所以他们的工装挺厚的,同时也很醒目。后面还会提到他们的劳动保护。

朋友来了,好酒好肉招待,这一点全世界都一样。博田为我们准备了丰富可口的欢迎午餐,因为实在太美味,我专注于享用,没拍照。也好,就不深夜放毒了!

午餐之余,我去他们的工厂门口转了一圈,不知道他们是不是也叫“收发室”,进去后看到了他们的监控系统真的都是高清啊,还可以放大,还可以270度旋转,而且“门卫”真的就一直盯着看。图片中远景墙面上好多圆形按钮,门卫告诉我是能够控制全工厂的电力系统。

博田定制的自行车,应该是给员工骑的,质量杠杠的,前灯还是车轮发电机供电的,国内企业也可以学习一下,给员工定制一辆有着自己企业LOGO的自行车,也是很赞的。

哦。说了这么多,忘了介绍奥地博田了。奥地博田成立于1871年,公司总部位于奥地利,上奥地利州。公司拥有1600名员工,全球拥有三个生产基地和十三家销售子公司。

博田以耕整地机具和畜牧机械而著称,目前已发展成为欧洲农机企业中最具声誉的制造商之一。

博田的产品非常广泛,拥有全套的畜牧机械,从牧草的收割、翻晒、集行一直到捡拾和装载。耕整地机械包括液压翻转犁,播种机,联合作业整地机等产品。

博田所有的畜牧机械都非常优秀,其中捡拾拖车被公认为是世界第一品质。上图就是其产品在全球的销量占比统计图,可以看出,博田出口产品占到86%,主要售往德国、法国、瑞士以及其他欧洲国家。当然,博田现在也已经进入了中国市场,并在青岛落户。

图片中手持麦克风的就是博田在中国市场的负责人冯雪。旁边的奥地利帅哥是我们此行参观的讲解员。

博田的农机产品给人最大的感觉是外观靓丽,结构可靠,焊缝干净漂亮,正如其四叶草的LOGO带给人的感受一样。

看这木箱打的,一丝不苟。从侧面也能反映出人家对于产品的责任感。

实际上,我发现欧洲人对产品的包装要求是非常高的,上一站参观维哈蒙特牧场走时,我们为不喝啤酒的团员买了几盒牛奶,对方甚至负责到用一个生鲜保温胆包装那几盒牛奶。

而到了晚饭桌上,当这些牛奶流过每一位团员喉咙时,大家除了感受到牛奶本身的品质之外,我想大家可能都会记起主人是如何为我们用心包装的。

so,给我的启发是,包装很重要,可以保证产品运输的品质,同时能够体现对于产品的用心,但不是过度包装。

这是整装待发的博田产品,这种畜牧机械包括耕整地设备都很占地方的,支楞八翘的,但是为了保证产品质量,博田坚持全安装发货,据了解,欧洲绝大部分农机具企业也都是这么做的。

进入工厂后,本来不允许拍照,但我还是偷偷在机加工车间和装配车间拍了几张,涂装车间是绝对不允许拍照的,所以我也没办法让大家看到更多。

这个帅哥应该是正在为数控中心编程吧~

这张照片拍摄于焊接车间,可以看出他们对于劳动保护的重视程度。

这说到底,其实是对个人的重视,对生命健康的重视。

就好比在国外,骑自行车摩托车的人都会自觉佩戴头盔。而在中国,骑摩托车戴头盔还要依靠交警监督,骑自行车的,大部分都不会带。

我猜想这可能是他们的板材切割和焊接质量标准监督办公室。

吊在车间通道上方的凸面镜,用来观察路口车辆行人情况,第一次见。

工具摆放整齐,5S管理。

注意观察,所有的零件盒都是倾斜放的,目的是便于取用。国内勇猛机械车间的零件盒就是这样放的!

装配车间的工人是可以吸烟的!可以吸烟的~

劲爆的DJ从一台老夏普收音机中迸发出来,让我一度怀疑自己是不是在生产车间里啊。

是的,总装线的员工就是边听着音乐哼着歌,边装机器。。。就差没“吃着火锅唱着歌了”~国外的工人好爽。

但是,世界第一品质的牧草捡拾拖车就是这样生产出来的。这不是我夸张,欧洲农机圈里都承认博田的畜牧机械是非常优秀的,尤其是其捡拾拖车,被公认为是世界第一品质。

农业机械专业技术参观团的团友们看的起劲,听得认真,前方是博田的立体仓库。

从这张开始,请大家从照片感受一下这家企业。

涂装车间之后的参观是绝对不允许拍照的,因为这涉及到其核心竞争力的部分,所以我也不能介绍太多。

总体感受是,这家企业文化是多元的,员工是专业、高效的。厂房年代虽比较旧,但是布局紧凑合理,各种机械设备性能强大。博田的产品还是那句话:给人最大的感觉是外观靓丽,结构可靠,焊缝干净漂亮。

这是我们农业机械专业技术参观团一大家的合影~

下面我还将记录我们在奥地利参观农机经销商、在德国曼海姆参观约翰迪尔拖拉机工厂以及在汉诺威参观畜牧展会和牛场的感受,敬请期待。

欧洲农机制造业的3点启示

欧洲农机制造业的3点启示

由农业机械杂志社组织的“农业机械专业技术参观团”于2016 年11 月初踏上了欧洲的土地,先后走访参观了5 家农机相关制造工厂、3 家农牧场和1 家农机经销商,历经14天,横跨意大利、奥地利、德国和荷兰4个国家。期间,还参观了意大利博洛尼亚EIMA农机展和德国汉诺威畜牧业展。

此行,我们了解了世界先进的农机产品以及世界农机行业发展的趋势,对欧洲农机企业的工厂管理、采购、制造、试验、检验和销售模式有了具体的认识。同时,我们也在考察中了解到欧洲各地的农业种植和农机匹配模式,以及农业发展现状。当然,留给我们印象最深的还是欧洲农机制造业的先进,以及他们对于农机产品质量一丝不苟的态度等。

农机产品向智能化发展

欧洲农业十分发达,尽管总面积与我国国土面积差不多,但却有着适合耕作的大片良田,其中法国、德国、意大利更是粮食与果蔬出口大国。发达的农业造就了发达的农机工业,欧洲本土产生了许多著名的农机生产企业,比如高端拖拉机制造者芬特、收获机及畜牧机械企业克拉斯、耕整地专家雷肯以及格兰、库恩等。

在EIMA展会上,这些优秀的农机企业悉数参展。此外,来自全球各地的1900余家展商纷纷亮相,农机界的顶尖产品、技术汇聚一堂。

随着高新技术的应用和计算机及互联网技术的渗透,各参展厂家广泛采用液电控制、智能化及自动控制技术,用以提高产品性能、操作方便性、舒适性及安全性等。

比如,CLAAS 新产品TUCANO 560联合收割机采用了独有的切向脱粒系统和残余谷物分离系统,可根据天气条件、时间、秸秆质量和谷物分离效果自动控制系统参数,达到最优的脱粒效果;芬特将自动驾驶系统应用于低功率段的新产品Vario 500 系列,可将操作精度控制在2~20 cm。

注重舒适性则是众多展品的一致追求。带有减振功能的悬挂座椅基本成为标准配置,驾驶室空调、360°全视野以及符合人体工程学的控制面板更是各处可见。动力换挡与无级变速也成为不少拖拉机的可选配置。比如,纽荷兰T6 拖拉机标配区间动力换挡变速器,在大功率段标配无级变速器;赛迈55 kW(75hp)中拖,动力换挡可选,且前轮为独立半桥、独立悬挂,可适应各种高低不平的地面。

生产制造质量控制严格

在此次参观的科勒发动机工厂、康迈尔传动工厂、奥地利博田工厂、约翰迪尔曼海姆工厂中,其产品质量控制均十分严格,这些企业以质量和技术作为品牌核心价值,构建了具有全球竞争力的世界级口碑。

其质量控制通过自动化生产线、在线识别以及熟练的工厂工人来保证。

在科勒发动机工厂,整条总装线采用大量机械手完成装配过程中的精密动作,同时机械手还配合激光传感器对装配过程进行在线检测。

例如,发动机缸盖和缸体最终结合前,是由一个机械手往缸体上喷涂均匀的密封胶,随后该机械手换下喷涂装置,取出激光传感器,对刚刚喷涂的密封胶进行检测,看是否喷涂完整且均匀。检测合格后,机械手才会将缸盖盖在缸体上,否则还会补密封胶。

除此之外,该条生产线还具备柔性生产的能力,可以根据生产需求,及时调整生产进度。

稳定的产业工人队伍和培训机制。对于复杂工序和关键工序,这些工厂大多拥有专业、稳定的操作者,并进行专业的培训。

比如,为凯斯纽荷兰、克罗尼及克拉斯等农机主机配套传动系统的康迈尔公司,工厂工人在入职之前,要进行相关理论知识的学习,之后还有岗前培训和流水线实践,培训项目接近50个,总培训时长超过5 0 00 h。

因此,国际级零部件制造企业在下述几个方面形成了核心竞争力:

第一,领先的研发能力。依托国际化行业地位,建立了基于最终用户需求的全球化工况数据库,从而实现了国际领先技术的储备。

第二,先进的试制、测试和实验能力。通过历史积累和持续的研发投入,具备推动或参与主机企业产品升级的开发能力。

第三,持续发展的精益制造管理。广泛在制造环节应用人机工程、看板管理、精益物流、预防性工艺、自动化生产、在线监测等手段,保证了产品质量一致性,实现了柔性制造和模块生产的充分结合。

第四,稳定的产业工人队伍。复杂工序和关键工序拥有专业、稳定的操作者。

第五,合规、高效的企业管理。合规、诚信、标准化、统一的流程,构建了引导企业发展的独特文化。

互联网+的应用广泛

在参观过程中,我们发现互联网+已经在欧洲普遍应用。主要体现在以下三点。

一是工厂数字化。如机加工设备的总线数据采集、全程可追溯。所有出厂零部件均标有二维码,可以扫码识别;所有配件会有4位数的数字编码。这样,从产品最初的状态,直到出厂,其零部件均全程可追溯。如果零件出现了问题只需输入编号就知道发货时间及地点,对于批量故障可提前预警并召回。

二是产品数字化。如迪尔的拼装设计,机器运行参数回传和分析,控制机具和作业方式。产品数字化在欧洲发展得非常快。在2013—2014年考察欧洲时,机器参数回传还仅限于一些很简单的运用,而本次考察,欧洲的产品发展已经非常高级了。参数回传不再仅限于约翰迪尔等几家大企业有应用,其他企业和不同产品应用的也非常多,包括土壤在线检测、产量图谱采集,以及农机具的自动化控制等。

三是使用数字化。如订单定制化产品,产品获取周边信息等,也就是精准农业。

用户购买的时候就已经知道工厂生产的准确时间以及所需选择的配件;使用过程中,农业环境的周边信息也达到了可收集的阶段,比如电子遥感系统和电子调度系统,也就是现在的精准农业,欧洲的应用都已经很普遍。

欧洲农机制造业的3点启示(英)

欧洲农机制造业的3点启示(英)

Three Implications for Europe’s Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Industry

“Agricultural Machinery Professional Technology Visiting Mission” organized by the Agricultural Machinery Magazineset foot on the land of Europeat early November 2016, and then paid a visit to 5 agricultural machinery-related manufacturing plants, 3 farms andranches and 1 agricultural machinery dealer in 14 days across four countries including Italy, Austria, Germany and the Netherlands.During the period, the mission also paid a visit to the EIMA in Bologna, Italy and animal husbandry exhibition in Hannover, Germany.

During the visit to Europe, we understood the world’s advanced agricultural machinery products and the development trend of the agricultural machinery industry in the world, enabling us to have a concrete understanding of European agricultural machinery enterprises in terms of factory management, procurement, manufacturing, testing, inspection and sales mode.Meanwhile, we also learned the matched pattern for agricultural planting and agricultural machinery in different European countries as well as the agricultural development situationduring investigation. It goes without saying that we are most deeply impressed by the advanced agricultural machinery manufacturing industry in Europe as well as their meticulous attitude towards the quality of agricultural products.

Agricultural machinery products tend to intelligent development

Agriculture is well developed in Europe. As we know, Europe has a total area similar to China’s land area, but it has large stretches of fertile land suitable for farming, and France, Germany and Italy are even known as big exporters in grain and fruits and vegetables.The developed agriculture contributes to a developed agricultural machinery industry, and a number of well-known agricultural machinery manufacturers have emerged in Europe, such as the high-end tractor manufacturer Fendt, harvester and stockbreeding machinery manufacturer CLAAS, soil cultivation and preparationspecialistLemken, Kverneland and Kuhn, etc.

These outstanding agricultural enterprises attended the EIMA. In addition, the EIMA attracted more than 1900 exhibitors all over the world, gathering tops products and technologies of the agricultural machinery industry.

With the application of high and new technology and the penetration of computer and Internet technology, exhibitors widely used hydraulic control, intelligent and automatic control technology to improve product performance, operation convenience, comfort and safety.

For example, CLAAS’s new product TUCANO 560 combine harvester adopts the unique tangential threshing system and residual grain separation system, so that it can achieve the optimal threshing effect according to the parameters of the automatic control system such as weather conditions, time, straw quality and grain separation effect;Fendtapplies the autopilot system to the new product Vario 500 series in the low power section, so that the operating accuracy can be controlled within 2-20 cm.

At the exhibition, it is the consistent pursuit of many exhibits to pay attention to comfort. As a result, the suspension seat with cushioningbecomes a standard configuration, and cab with air conditioning, 360 ° total field of view and ergonomic control panel are prevailing.Power shift and stepless speed change have become an optional configuration for many tractors.For example, the standard configuration of the New Holland T6 tractor istheintervalpower shift transmissionwhile that is the stepless transmission in the large power section; as for Zymark’s 55kW (75hp) medium-sized tractor, the power shift is optional, and the front wheel is independent half-bridge and independentsuspension, which can adapt to the uneven ground.

Strict quality control in manufacturing

During the visit to Kohler engine plant, Comer transmission plant, Poettinger plant and John Deere plant in Mannheim, the product quality control is very strict, and these enterprises win the world-class reputation with global competitiveness with quality and technology as the core value of their brand.

Its quality control is guaranteed by the automated production lines, online identification and skilled factory workers.

In Kohler engine plant, the entire assembly line uses a large number of robots to complete the precision operation in the assembly process, while the robotswill coordinate with the laser sensors for online detection of the assembly process.

For example, a robot will spray uniform sealant on the cylinder body before the final combination of the engine cylinder head and the cylinder body. Later, the robot will take out the laser sensor to replace the spray device to detect the sealant that has been just sprayed to check if it is sprayed completely and uniformly.After passing the test, the robot will cover the cylinder head on the body, or it will continue to spray the sealant.

In addition to this, the entire production line has the ability of flexible production, so that it can timely adjust the production schedule according to production needs.

Stable industrial worker team and training mechanism. For complex, most of these plants have professional, stable operating personnel and will provide them with professional training for complex and key processes.

TakeComer for example, that provides supporting transmission system for the main engine of Case New Holland, Krohne, Claas and other agricultural machinery, factory workers are required to study relevant theory knowledge before entry and later take part in pre-job training and assembly line practice, with a total of nearly 50 training items for more than 5000h.

Therefore, the world-class parts manufacturers have constructed the core competitiveness in the following aspects:

First, the cutting-edge R&D ability. Relying on the international industry status, they have set up the global working condition database based on end user needs, so as to achieve the reserve of international leading technology.

Second, the advanced trial-manufacturing, testing and experimental ability. They possess the development capability to promote or participate in main engine enterprises’ product upgrading.

Third, the sustainablelean manufacturing management. Ergonomics, board management, lean logistics, preventive technology, automated production, online monitoring and other means are widely used in the manufacturing link to ensure product quality uniformity and achieve the full integration of flexible manufacturing and modular production.

Fourth, the stable industrial worker team. Complex and key processes are equipped with professional, stable operating personnel.

Fifth, the compliant and efficient enterprise management. The compliant, honest, standardized and uniform process shapes the unique culture to lead theenterprise development.

Extensive use of Internet+

During the visit, we found that Internet+ has been widely used in Europe, mainly manifested in the following three aspects.

First, the factory digitization. For example, the machining equipment bus data collection and the whole course are traceable. All factory parts are marked with two-dimensional code, which can be identified by scanning the code; all accessories will have a 4-digit digital coding. In this case, the parts are traceable from the initial state of the product until leaving the factory.If there is a problem with the parts, you can know the delivery time and location by entering the coding only, and the parts can receive early warning and be recalled in case of batch failure.

Second, the product digitization. Such as Deere’s assembly design, return and analysis of machine operation parameters, control machines and tools and mode of operation.Product digitization has developed very fast in Europe. During our visit to Europe during 2013-2014, machine parameter return was limited to some very simple applications, but it has been well developed in the products in Europe during this visit.Parameter return is not only applied by John Deere and other large enterprises, but is widely used in other enterprises and different products, including soil online detection, yield map collectionand automatic control of agricultural machinery, etc.

Third, the use digitization. Such as customized products by order, access to peripheral information through the products and so on, that is, the precise agriculture.

Users will be aware of the exact time of factory production and accessories they need when they purchase. In the using process, the surrounding information can also be collected, such as electronic remote sensing system and electronic scheduling system, known astoday’spreciseagriculture, which has been widely used in Europe.

欧洲农机协会商业景气指数继续下降

欧洲农机协会商业景气指数继续下降

欧洲农业机械协会CEMA商业晴雨表是对欧洲农业机械行业的月度调查,涵盖所有主要产品类别。欧洲农业机械行业总体景气指数虽降至疫情后的最低水平,但仍处于平衡状态。6月,该指数从11点降至1点。

最新调查结果显示,在供应方面有所缓解之后,市场方面的不确定性正在增加,信心水平也相应下降,行业代表进一步下调了对未来的预期。

最新数据显示,围绕拖拉机的信心指数降至负值,而畜牧和收获机械的信心指数仍为正值。受访者表示,对法国和德国等一些较大市场的2023年前景乐观,但对意大利和波兰等其他市场缺乏信心。

就整个2023年而言,调查参与者仍预计其公司的平均营业额将略有增长,原因之一是由于制造商积压订单减少,年初的营业额很高。

约29%的受访者认为他们目前的业务状况不利或非常不利,而39%的人认为对现状满意,32%的人认为情况较好或非常好。约29%的企业预计未来6个月的收入将下降,27%的企业预计收入将增长。

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